Rosa Parks, one of the most familiar yet least known civil rights icons

Rosa Parks, one of the most familiar yet least known civil rights icons

Rosa Parks is one of the most familiar yet least known figures in the history of the civil rights movement. She was the woman who sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the first successful mass protest of the modern movement. On December 1, 1955, Parks' refusal to give up her seat on a city bus and subsequent arrest resulted in a boycott led by a previously unknown, local minister, the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King. Parks' arrest and the community-driven protest that followed drew national and international media attention and led to the desegregation of Montgomery's buses in December of 1956, making Parks an icon of the movement. theGrio: The 25 Most Influential Black American Leaders of All Time Mischaracterized as a simple woman who chose not to stand because she had tired feet, often Parks' long history of activism is erased from our collective consciousness. Parks served as an active member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People beginning in the early 1940s, working on a voter registration campaign, leading the local NAACP Youth Council, and attending a leadership conference organized by civil rights visionary, Ella Baker. It would be Parks' work as a young activist in the NAACP that would lead her to "investigate a horrible incident of abduction and rape":http://www.thegrio.com/black-history/how-abuse-of-women-was-overshadowed-in-civil-rights-movement.php that had taken place in her hometown of Abbeville, Alabama. theGrio: Why black women were crucial to civil rights movement A recent historical study, Danielle McGuire's At the Dark End of the Street, details how Parks risked her own life to spearhead a movement on behalf of "Recy Taylor":http://www.thegrio.com/black-history/still-no-justice-for-civil-rights-era-rape-victims.php, a young African American wife, mother, and sharecropper who had been "seized by seven white men and raped at gunpoint":http://www.thegrio.com/black-history/victim-of-old-injustice-revels-in-white-house-tour.php in 1944. Although local authorities would refuse to indict anyone for the crime, this case would animate Parks' quest for justice.